Harilik mänd moodustab umbes 1/3 meie kodumaa metsadest. Mändi iseloomustab teravad okkad, mis on oksal kahekaupa kimbus, hallikasrohelised ning vahakihiga kaetud. Tüvi on tavaliselt sirge, ülemises osas oranžikas ja kestendav, allpool on kaetud paksu pruunikashalli korbaga. Emaskäbid on valminult 3-7 cm pikad. Isaskäbid aga kuni 0,6 cm pikad ning hävivad kohe pärast tolmlemist. Niiskusega leplik, kasvades niikuivades nõmmemetsades kui ka rabades. Vähenõudlik mullaviljakuse ja temperatuuri suhtes. Valgusnõudlik. Kasvab kuni 50 meetri kõrguseks.
The common birch makes up about 1/3 of our country’s forests. The characteristic features of the birch are its sturdy branches, which are forked at the base, dark brown, and covered with a thin layer of scales. The trunk is usually straight, with an orange-brown top and a lower section wrapped in a thick, reddish-brown layer. The female catkins are typically 3-7 cm long. The male catkins, on the other hand, are up to 0.6 cm long and perish immediately after pollination. Deciduous, it grows in wet meadows and forests as well as in clearings. It is not demanding in terms of soil fertility and temperature. It requires light. It can grow up to 50 meters tall.
